KIARA: Impor Ikan Sebabkan Nelayan Sengsara dan Bangsa Tak Mandiri

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Siaran Pers

Koalisi Rakyat untuk Keadilan Perikanan

www.kiara.or.id

 

Hari Pangan Sedunia 2013

KIARA: Impor Ikan Sebabkan Nelayan Sengsara dan Bangsa Tak Mandiri

 

Jakarta, 16 Oktober 2013. Orientasi ekspor pada kebijakan perikanan nasional telah menggerus ketersediaan bahan baku ikan dalam negeri yang pada akhirnya memaksa perusahaan perikanan nasional dan konsumen domestik bergantung pada produk perikanan impor.

Pusat Data dan Informasi KIARA (Oktober 2013) mencatat volume impor ikan meningkat drastis hingga 64 persen dalam 9 tahun terakhir (lihat Tabel 1).

Tabel 1. Volume dan Nilai Impor Hasil Perikanan Tahun 2004-2012

No Tahun Volume Impor Hasil Perikanan (ton) Nilai Impor Hasil Perikanan (1000 US$)
1 2004 157.616 165.557
2 2005 151.086 127.256
3 2006 184.240 165.720
4 2007 145.227 142.750
5 2008 280.179 267.659
6 2009 331.893 300.261
7 2010 369.282 391.815
8 2011 431.871 488.351
9 2012 441.000 1,08 Juta

Sumber: Pusat Data dan Informasi KIARA (Oktober 2013)

Pasal 36 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2013 tentang Pangan mengatur, “Impor Pangan hanya dapat dilakukan apabila Produksi Pangan dalam negeri tidak mencukupi dan/atau tidak dapat diproduksi di dalam negeri. Ironisnya, sebagian besar jenis ikan yang diimpor dapat diproduksi di perairan dalam negeri, seperti udang, ikan patin, tuna, cakalang, dan tongkol.

Pada tahun 2012, produksi perikanan nasional mencapai 15,55 juta ton. Jumlah ini terdiri dari total produksi perikanan tangkap sebesar 5,87 juta ton dan perikanan budidaya 9,68 juta ton. Dengan jumlah ini, mestinya kuota impor dapat dikurangi dengan mengoreksi kebijakan ekspor perikanan. Hal ini sejalan dengan Pasal 25B ayat (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 45 tahun 2009 tentang Perikanan.

Maraknya impor ikan yang merembes ke pasaran berimbas pada terancamnya kesehatan masyarakat konsumen ikan dalam negeri. Di samping itu, impor ikan juga kian menyengsarakan nelayan tradisional dan menghancurkan kemandirian perusahaan perikanan nasional. Salah satu solusi yang dapat dijalankan oleh Presiden SBY untuk mengatasi hal ini adalah dengan  membenahi sistem logistik perikanan nasional.***

Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, dapat menghubungi:

Ning Swatama Putridhanti, Koordinator Pengelolaan Pengetahuan KIARA

di +62 878 8172 1954

 

Abdul Halim, Sekretaris Jenderal KIARA

di +62 815 53100 259

 

“Indonesia darurat pangan, ancam pemenuhan hak atas pangan”

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 “Indonesia darurat pangan, ancam pemenuhan hak atas pangan”

Jakarta-  Ditengah turunnya angka penderita kelaparan kronis di dunia,  Indonesia justru mengalami kondisi darurat pangan. Hal ini ditandai dengan meningkatnya impor pangan, menurunnya jumlah produsen pangan skala kecil, menurunnya luasan lahan produksi pangan, menurunnya produksi pangan, meningkatnya jumlah penduduk, dan tidak adanya kebijakan nasional untuk membangun kedaulatan pangan serta memberikan perlindungan bagi para produsen pangan skala kecil. Dapat dikatakan negara tidak serius bahkan abai untuk memenuhi kewajiban hak atas pangan rakyatnya. Demikian ditekankan oleh Aliansi untuk Desa Sejahtera, jelang Hari Pangan Sedunia 2013 (14/10/2013).

“Kunci untuk mengatasi kelaparan dan pemenuhan gizi bangsa terletak pada kebijakan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas pertanian dan meningkatkan ketersediaan pangan di dalam negeri, dan paling nyata terwujud dalam anggaran pangan yang membangun kemandirian pangan kita, bukan mengandalkan pangan impor yang jumlah dan nilainya semakin besar”. Semua harus berbasis pada lokalitas dan produsen pangan skala kecil kita Jelas Tejo Wahyu Jatmiko, Koordinator Aliansi untuk Desa Sejahtera

Jumlah penduduk kekurangan gizi di Indonesia berkurang dari sekitar 20 persen dari total jumlah penduduk pada dekade 1990-an menjadi 8,6 persen pada tahun 2012, tetapi tidak dilakukan dengan menggunakan potensi pangan negeri sendiri. “Pencapaian ini dapat dikatakan semu, karena bertumpu pada pangan impor yang rentan gejolak pangan dunia, harga naik akan dengan mudah menghalangi akses masyarakat terhadap pangan.” Tambahnya  lagi. Padahal potensi pangan lokal kita ada, tetapi diabaikan.

Meskipun Indonesia telah memiliki UU Pangan yang berdasarkan pada Hak atas pangan, tetapi belum adanya peraturan pemerintah, menyebabkan UU ini  belum dapat dijalankan. Said Abdullah, Koordinator Pokja Beras menekankan,” Hal yang perlu segera dibenahi dengan mewujudkan kelembagaan pangan yang kuat dan tidak lagi menjadikan pangan, sebagai komoditas sumber keuntungan bagi kelompok tertentu.”  Said mengingatkan lagi, terlalu sering, petani menjadi korban atas nama pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan masyarakat, saat pemerintah mengijinkan impor dilakukan justru pada saat petani akan panen. “Hal-hal ini yang perlu diatur, sehingga hak para penghasil pangan kita tidak dilanggar atas nama apa pun.” Jelasnya.

Abdul Halim, menegaskan konsisi sektor perikanan pun tidak berbeda. “Terjadi pengurangan anggaran untuk mengelola laut kita. Anggaran  KKP hanya 0,308%, yang berimplikasi pada minimnya upaya penyejahteraan masyarakat nelayan tradisional.” Kondisi ini semakin buruk dengan adanya kebijakan ekspor perikanan.  “Kebijakan ini  menggerus bahan baku ikan pada akhirnya memaksa perusahaan dan konsumen domestik untuk bergantung pada produk perikanan impor. Pemenuhan gizi masyarakat kita pun terganggu.  Terbukti ikan impor yang beredar banyak mengandung formalin.” Tambahnya lagi.  Volume ekspor hasil perikanan sebesar 657.793 ton naik 31,95% dibanding tahun 2009..

Achmad Surambo, ketua Pokja Sawit ADS situasi pangan yang genting ini dapat dilihat dari dari banyaknya lahan pangan yang dialih fungsikan menjadi lahan non pangan.  “ Hal ini mengakibatkan terjadinya kelaparan atau pun konflik karena kepemilikan lahan.  Bertentangan  dengan penetapan target untuk perluasan lahan pangan sebesar 2 juta ha, justru terus mengeluarkan ijin bagi alih fungsi lahan pangan.”  Ungkapnya.

Achmad menyoroti dampak tidak langsung dan langsung dari konversi lahan pangan ke perkebunan sawit.  “Lahan   yang tidak   dikonversi untuk perkebunan sawit tetap terkena dampak pembangunan kanal dan jalan untuk mendukung industri sawit, sehingga masyarakat tidak dapat menggunakan lahan sawah lebak karena mengering. Sementara yang dikonversi menjadi perkebunan sawit kehilangan wilayah kelola untuk menghasilkan pangan.” Insentif justru diberikan kepada para pemilik modal besar di bisnis pangan.

Darurat pangan yang terjadi saat ini perlu segera diatasi karena pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan merupakan hak asasi manusia, yang sudah seharusnya menjadi prioritas utama pemerintah.  “Mengalokasi anggaran untuk menciptakan kedaulatan pangan, bukan mencari jalan mudah dengan melakukan impor pangan merupakan pilihan politik dan strategi pemerintah yang harus diambil segera.” Tegas Tejo. Ada 7 langkah strategis yang harus dilakukan segera : 1) Pulihkan kemampuan produsen pangan skala kecil dengan menata sumber-sumber agraria;  2) Peningkatan investasi publik untuk pangan; 3) Lindungi pasar pangan lokal; 4) Hentikan pemberian lahan kepada perusahaan besar dan  hentikan konversi lahan pangan; 5) Perbaiki cadangan pangan; 6) Perbaiki tata kelola pangan nasional; 7) Lakukan diversifikasi pangan sesuai potensi lokal. Tanpa hal tersebut, angka-angka pengurangan penduduk yang kelaparan dan kekurangan gizi, serta berbagai penghargaan internasional malah menjadi salah satu bukti pengabaian hak atas pangan, dengan menghancurkan sistem pangannya sendiri.

###

Catatan untuk Redaksi:

·         FAO menyebutkan angka orang yang menderita kelaparan kronis menurun, menjadi 842 juta orang. Sekitar 826,3 juta hidup di negara berkembang, sebagian besar hidup di pedesaan, dengan mata pencaharian utamanya menyediakan pangan.

·         Kemiskinan sebagai penyebab kelaparan dan malnutrisi.  Indonesia dianggap berhasil oleh FAO untuk mengurangi kelaparan meskipun tingkat penurunannya lamban.

·         Untuk petani dalam kurun 2003-2013  “menghilang” 5.07 juta  rumah tangga.

·         Aliansi untuk Desa Sejahtera merupakan aliansi dari ornop dan jaringan dengan fokus kerja mengupayakan penghidupan pedesaan yang lestari dengan pendekatan pada 3 komoditas : (1) beras/pangan, ketua pokja Koalisi Rakyat untuk Kedaulatan Pangan (KRKP); (2) sawit, ketua Pokja Sawit Watch dan (3) ikan, ketua Pokja Koalisi Rakyat untuk Keadilan Perikanan (KIARA). Aliansi untuk Desa Sejahtera memiliki 4 pilar untuk memperkuat penghidupan di pedesaan (1) akses terhadap sumber daya alam, (2) akses pasar, (3) adaptasi terhadap dampak perubahan iklim, dan (4) keadilan gender.

Informasi lebih lanjut:

Tejo Wahyu Jatmiko, Koordinator Nasional Aliansi untuk Desa Sejahtera (0816-1856754)

Abdul Halim, Koordinator Pokja Ikan/Sekjen KIARA (0815-53100259)

Said Abdullah, Koordinator Pokja Beras ADS (0813-82151413)

A.Surambo, Koordinator Pokja Sawit ADS (0812-8748726)

Negara Belum Menempatkan Masyarakat Pesisir, Nelayan Tradisional dan Adat sebagai Subjek Penting dalam Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Pesisir

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Siaran Pers Bersama

Masyarakat Adat Lamalera

Kesatuan Nelayan Tradisional Indonesia Wilayah Lombok Timur

Koalisi Rakyat untuk Keadilan Perikanan

 

Revisi UU Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil

Negara Belum Menempatkan Masyarakat Pesisir, Nelayan Tradisional dan Adat sebagai Subjek Penting dalam Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Pesisir

 

Malinau, 26 September 2013. Masyarakat adat dari berbagai wilayah di Indonesia menyelenggarakan pertemuan tentang “Pengakuan dan Penguatan Pengelolaan Hutan Adat dan Kawasan Konservasi oleh Masyarakat Adat” sejak 24-26 September 2013 di Malinau, Kalimantan Utara. Dalam pertemuan ini, masyarakat adat membicarakan pengelolaan sumber daya alam oleh masyarakat adat dan komunitas lokal. Banyak hal penting yang muncul, khususnya revisi UU No. 27 Tahun 2007 tentang Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil (UU PWP3K).

Dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 3/PUU-VIII/2010 tentang uji materil UU PWP3K, nelayan tradisional dan masyasarakat adat ditempatkan sebagai subyek penting dalam pengelolaan sumber daya pesisir. Putusan tersebut menghendaki negara melalui pemerintah memberikan perlindungan kepada nelayan tradisional dan masyarakat hukum adat, baik dalam partisipasi penyusunan rencana pengelolaan maupun pemanfaatan sumber daya pesisir, dengan tidak menciptakan kompetisi bebas dengan badan hukum swasta. Jika hal ini dilakukan, tujuan bernegara sebagaimana tercantum di dalam Pasal 33 ayat (3) UUD 1945 mengenai pemanfaatan sumber daya alam untuk “sebesar-besar kemakmuran rakyat” dapat dipenuhi.

Menyangkut hal itu, Amin Abdullah, nelayan tradisional yang tergabung di dalam KNTI wilayah Lombok Timur menyatakan, “Nelayan tradisional telah turun-temurun mengelola sumber daya pesisir secara lestari dengan mengkonservasi pesisirnya melalui hukum adat. Di Lombok Timur, dikenal dengan istilah awig-awig. Jadi tidak boleh ada pengkaplingan dan komersialisasi”.

Awig-awig merupakan aturan pengelolaan sumber daya pesisir yang disepakati oleh masyarakat dengan mekanisme sengketa dan pemberian sanksi. Awig-awig memiliki dasar hukum Perda Lombok Timur No. 9 Tahun 2006 tentang Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Pesisir dan Pantai secara Partisipatif. Karenanya,  nelayan tradisional, tambah Amin, seharusnya mendapatkan perlindungan dan pelayanan khusus dalam revisi UU PWP-PPK.

Setali tiga uang, Bona Beding dari Masyarakat Adat Lamalera, Nusa Tenggara Timur, menambahkan, “Masyarakat adat secara turun-temurun tinggal di wilayah pesisir dan melakukan pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan sumber daya pesisir dengan sistem nilai dan budaya yang terbukti lestari dan berkelanjutan”. Namun hingga kini eksistensi masyarakat adat dengan hak ulayat lautnya tidak mendapatkan pengakuan dan perlindungan Negara. Bahkan seolah-olah diabaikan hak konstitusionalnya.

Sangat penting bagi negara, jelas Bona, agar secara aktif mengakui keberadaan masyarakat adat yang memiliki hak dalam pemanfaatan wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil. Caranya, pemerintah harus menjamin hak persetujuan dan penolakan masyarakat adat dalam setiap bentuk pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan sumber daya pesisir di wilayah ulayat lautnya.

“Dalam proses revisi UU Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil, hal yang harus diselesaikan adalah: pertama, pelaksanaan hak masyarakat nelayan dan adat menyangkut persetujuan dan penolakan terhadap bentuk-bentuk pemanfaatan sumber daya pesisir. Karena dampaknya pasti kembali ke mereka. Kedua, menghilangkan sektoralisme pemanfaatan sumber daya pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil. Hal ini akan berimbas positif terhadap pemanfaatannya yang dapat dikendalikan dan menghindarkan konflik antarsektor, seperti pertambangan, perkebunan, perhubungan, kehutanan, dan pariwisata,” tutup Ahmad Marthin Hadiwinata, Koordinator Advokasi Hukum dan Kebijakan KIARA.

Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, dapat menghubungi:

Amin Abdullah, KNTI Region Lombok Timur

di +62 818 0578 5720

Bona Beding, Masyarakat Adat Lamalera, Nusa Tenggara Timur

di +62 813 1536 2141

Ahmad Marthin Hadiwinata, Koordinator Advokasi Hukum dan Kebijakan KIARA

di +62812 8603 0453

KIARA: Sail Komodo 2013 Melengkapi Pemborosan Keuangan Negara dan Rugikan Nelayan Tradisional

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Siaran Pers

Koalisi Rakyat untuk Keadilan Perikanan

www.kiara.or.id

 

KIARA: Sail Komodo 2013 Melengkapi Pemborosan Keuangan Negara

dan Rugikan Nelayan Tradisional

Jakarta, 18 September 2013. Nelayan tradisional kembali dikorbankan oleh pemerintah dalam pelaksanaan Sail Komodo 2013. Sejak 24 Agustus – 14 September 2013, mereka dilarang melakukan aktivitas kenelayanan di perairan tempat mereka mencari ikan selama ini. Praktek ini adalah bentuk pengulangan dari penyelenggaraan ajang promosi wisata bahari di Indonesia atau lazimnya disebut sail.

Abdul Halim, Sekretaris Jenderal KIARA menegaskan bahwa, “Kegiatan promosi wisata bahari semestinya melibatkan masyarakat nelayan dan adat yang tersebar di sepanjang pesisir Indonesia. Bukan justru membatasi hak konstitusional mereka untuk pergi ke laut. Berkaca pada penyelenggaraan Sail Bunaken hingga Sail Komodo, praktek pembatasan pelaksanaan hak konstitusional warga negara banyak terjadi”.

Mengacu pada data BPS berjudul NTT dalam Angka Tahun 2012, sebanyak 194.684 jiwa nelayan tidak bisa melaut selama 22 hari dan menderita kerugian sebesar Rp857 miliar. Dengan jumlah kerugian ini, nelayan harus berhutang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari, termasuk biaya pendidikan dan kesehatan anggota keluarganya.

Di samping merugikan rakyat, penyelenggaraan sail-sail ini juga membebani keuangan negara sebesar Rp4,461 triliun (lihat Tabel 1). Alih-alih menyejahterakan nelayan tradisional yang tersebar di wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil, kegiatan berbiaya besar ini lebih dijadikan sebagai ajang pencitraan elit-elit politik.

Tabel 1. Anggaran Penyelenggaraan Sail

No Nama Kegiatan Tahun Jumlah Anggaran
1 Sail Bunaken 2009 Rp41 miliar
2 Sail Banda 2010 Rp160 miliar
3 Sail Wakatobi-Belitong 2011 Rp1 triliun
4 Sail Morotai 2012 Rp200 miliar
5 Sail Komodo 2013 Rp3,06 triliun
    TOTAL Rp4,461 triliun

Sumber: Pusat Data dan Informasi KIARA (September 2013)

Untuk prosesi acara puncak Sail Komodo 2013 yang dihadiri oleh Presiden SBY dan pejabat negara lainnya, misalnya, dana sebesar Rp60 miliar terbuang cuma-cuma. Lebih ironis lagi, pemerintah daerah juga harus menanggung hutang miliaran rupiah pasca sail berakhir. Hal ini terjadi pada Sail Banda di Maluku.

Sail Komodo 2013 bukanlah ajang penyejahteraan masyarakat nelayan tradisional, melainkan alat eksploitasi sumber daya pesisir dan laut di balik Rencana Induk Percepatan dan Perluasan Pembangunan Ekonomi Indonesia (MP3EI).

Pemborosan terhadap anggaran ini, tambah Halim, sangat bertolak belakang dengan kondisi nelayan tradisional. Dengan dana sebesar Rp4,461 triliun tersebut, pemerintah semestinya bisa melakukan banyak hal untuk menyejahterakan dan melindungi nelayan, seperti pemberian jaminan perlindungan jiwa, pendidikan dan kesehatan nelayan dan keluarganya, penyediaan akses dan fasilitas BBM bersubsidi, perlindungan dan penguatan kapasitas  nelayan di wilayah perbatasan, dan insentif pendaratan ikan di TPI.

Indonesia sudah sangat dikenal masyarakat dunia berkat anugerah sumber daya lautnya, tanpa biaya besar pun, promosi wisata bahari dapat dilakukan secara swadaya bersama masyarakat nelayan tradisional.***

 

Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, dapat menghubungi:

Abdul Halim, Sekretaris Jenderal KIARA

di +62 815 53100 259

KIARA: Water Conservation Area Targets 20 Million Ha Marginalizing Traditional Fishermen and Killing Local Wisdom

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KIARA: Water Conservation Area Targets 20 Million Ha Marginalizing Traditional Fishermen and Killing Local Wisdom

Jakarta, July 9th, 2013. People’s Coalition for Fisheries Justice (KIARA) have assessed the targeted  expansion of marine reserves covering 20 million hectares in 2020 that disregards the active participation of fisher folk and indigenous peoples, as well as burying local wisdom which has been passed on  for generations in Indonesia.

Sustainable management of marine resources has been applied since the 16th century by the indigenous peoples scattered across coastal areas and small islands in Indonesia. KIARA noted such management measures amongst the Sasi in Maluku, the Bapongka in Central Sulawesi, the Awig awig in Bali and West Nusa Tenggara, and the Ola Nua in East Nusa Tenggara. The management model is conducted independently (without being ordered to by outsiders) with the active participation of all members of society. The process does not require the creation of debt to raise funds.

Traditional fishing communities realize that the conservation and sustainability of fishery resources is a prerequisite for the realization of a prosperous and fair life. Moreover, they realise the magnitude of the benefits for their lives that marine resources offer. This is a stark contrast to the water conservation that the government has arbitrarily implemented solely motivated to obtain foreign loans and a positive image at the international level.

KIARA Data and Information Centre (June 2013) found that foreign funded conservation projects in Indonesian seas included: (1) In the period 2004-2011, Program Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management (COREMAP II) reaching more than Rp1, 3 trillion largely sourced from the World Bank’s foreign debt scheme and the Asian Development Bank (ADB), (2) U.S. Government through USAID agencies providing aid through grants to Indonesia worth USD 23 million. The plan sees grants awarded over a four-year period for the conservation area (worth USD 6 million) and for strengthening fisheries industrialisation (worth USD 17 million).

In practice, this coral reef conservation program actually failed / was not effective and there were incidence where a leakage of funds had occurred, based on CPC Report 2013. Having been proven as a failure, CTF instead want to continue the project COREMAP III for the period 2014-2019 by adding a new conservation debt of U.S. $ 80 million from the World Bank and ADB. Furthermore, the establishment of marine protected areas also triggers horizontal conflicts.

Even more ironic, the government unilaterally changed the Batang Regency Decree No. 523/283/2005 dated December 15, 2005, reducing the Regional Marine Conservation Area (KKLD) Ujungnegoro-Roban in the coastal area of Batang, from an area covering 8639.75 ha to 4015.2 ha through Batang Regency Decree No. 523/194/2012, determined by the Minister of Marine and Fisheries in Decree No. KEP.29/MEN/2012.

KIARA found that in fact at the KKLD beach area, the reduction of Ujungnegoro-Roban MP3EI infrastructure investments was due to ulterior motives, namely the construction of a 2,000 MW power plant, meaning the water conservation area of ​​4.624.55 Ha was  no longer a protected zone. The policy change was not for the benefit of the people of Indonesia. Therefore, KIARA urges the President to evaluate marine conservation projects that have proved to be a financial burden on the State, a failure, and which have led to the castration of the rights of indigenous peoples and communities, and further urges that the government should promote the management of marine resources in accordance with the existing local knowledge.

For further information, please contact:

Abdul Halim, Secretary-General KIARA

at +62 815 53100 259

Ahmad Hadiwinata Martin, Coordinator of Legal and Policy Advocacy Division KIARA

at +62812860 30 453

Sutiamah, Alasroban Women’s Fisher Group, Batang, Central Java

at +62812847 33 339

House of Representatives Ignore Citizens’ Constitutional Rights in Legislative Process that manufactured this Regulation

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Planned Amendments to Act No. 27 of 2007 on the PWP-KDP

House of Representatives Ignore Citizens’ Constitutional Rights in Legislative Process that manufactured this Regulation

Jakarta, July 12th, 2013. Not even two years after the Constitutional Court’s decision to act in favour of judicial review 27 fishermen and 9 NGOs to Law No. 27 Year 2007 on the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands (PWP-CO), the Government is preparing a new scheme to legalize the carving up of coastal and marine areas. The lack of active participation of traditional fishing communities and indigenous peoples, who are scattered across coastal areas and small islands, means there is big potential to repeat the mistakes of drafting the initial legislation, causing the country financial harm, and triggering horizontal conflicts.

As known, Constitutional Court Decision No. 3/PUU-VIII/2010 regarding the material composed by KIARA and 8 civil society organizations together with 27 Traditional Fishermen was read out on June 16, 2011 with two important parts, the first annulled all articles in Law No. 27 of 2007 on the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands associated with Coastal Water Concessions (HP-3)​​; and second, the Court conducted an assessment of Article 14 paragraph (1) of Law No.. 27 of 2007 on the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands governing public participation in the preparation of RSWP-3-K, RZWP-3K, RPWP-3-K, and RAPEP-3-K, and concluded that it was contrary to the 1945 Constitution.

The Government, through the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, has initiated a revision of Law No. 27 Year 2007 on PWP-KDP. In the proposed draft, there are no fundamental changes of any substance that would put the draft in line with the decision of the Constitutional Court and it’s proposed amendments to the Act.

Through a plenary meeting on June 25th, 2013, the House of Representatives has approved the establishment of the Special Committee Draft Law (RUU) Amendment Act No. 27 of 2007 on the PWP-KDP.

The process of the formation of the Special Committee was not explained openly to the public, mainly because the amendment of the act has been a priority rather than other laws that traditional fishermen and coastal and small island dwellers need to a greater extent, such as the law on Protection and Empowerment of Traditional Fishermen. There is a tendency in the House of Representatives to shut down discussions regarding revision of acts relating to the interests of traditional fishermen, coastal communities and small islands.

KIARA’s request to conduct hearings in order to seek clarification and give feedback on the planned revision of Law No. 27 Year 2007 on PWP-CO did not get a response from Parliament’s Legislative Body. To this date, KIARA has filed a two formal letters to request a legal audience with the Chairman of the House of Representatives, which were dated June 3, 2013 and July 4, 2013.

KIARA deplores the attitude of the House of Representatives, as under Article 96 of Law No. 12 Year 2001 on the Establishment Regulation Legislation, it states that the public has a right to provide input in oral and / or written forms in any establishment of legislation. Neglect of the constitution supporting citizen consultation initiatives and input is unlawful.

In addition, KIARA also urges the Chairman of the House of Representatives to not rush the discussion of the plan to change the Law No. 27 Year 2007 on the PWP-KDP draft legislation, in order that mistakes are not repeated and continue to cause impacts to the detriment of the interests of the main stakeholders, namely the traditional fishermen and people living in Indonesia’s coastal and small island areas.

For further information, please contact:

Abdul Halim, Secretary KIARA

at +62 815 53100 259

 

House of Representatives Ignore Citizens’ Constitutional Rights in Legislative Process that manufactured this Regulation

/in /by

Planned Amendments to Act No. 27 of 2007 on the PWP-KDP

House of Representatives Ignore Citizens’ Constitutional Rights in Legislative Process that manufactured this Regulation

Jakarta, July 12th, 2013. Not even two years after the Constitutional Court’s decision to act in favour of judicial review 27 fishermen and 9 NGOs to Law No. 27 Year 2007 on the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands (PWP-CO), the Government is preparing a new scheme to legalize the carving up of coastal and marine areas. The lack of active participation of traditional fishing communities and indigenous peoples, who are scattered across coastal areas and small islands, means there is big potential to repeat the mistakes of drafting the initial legislation, causing the country financial harm, and triggering horizontal conflicts.

As known, Constitutional Court Decision No. 3/PUU-VIII/2010 regarding the material composed by KIARA and 8 civil society organizations together with 27 Traditional Fishermen was read out on June 16, 2011 with two important parts, the first annulled all articles in Law No. 27 of 2007 on the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands associated with Coastal Water Concessions (HP-3)​​; and second, the Court conducted an assessment of Article 14 paragraph (1) of Law No.. 27 of 2007 on the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands governing public participation in the preparation of RSWP-3-K, RZWP-3K, RPWP-3-K, and RAPEP-3-K, and concluded that it was contrary to the 1945 Constitution.

The Government, through the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, has initiated a revision of Law No. 27 Year 2007 on PWP-KDP. In the proposed draft, there are no fundamental changes of any substance that would put the draft in line with the decision of the Constitutional Court and it’s proposed amendments to the Act.

Through a plenary meeting on June 25th, 2013, the House of Representatives has approved the establishment of the Special Committee Draft Law (RUU) Amendment Act No. 27 of 2007 on the PWP-KDP.

The process of the formation of the Special Committee was not explained openly to the public, mainly because the amendment of the act has been a priority rather than other laws that traditional fishermen and coastal and small island dwellers need to a greater extent, such as the law on Protection and Empowerment of Traditional Fishermen. There is a tendency in the House of Representatives to shut down discussions regarding revision of acts relating to the interests of traditional fishermen, coastal communities and small islands.

KIARA’s request to conduct hearings in order to seek clarification and give feedback on the planned revision of Law No. 27 Year 2007 on PWP-CO did not get a response from Parliament’s Legislative Body. To this date, KIARA has filed a two formal letters to request a legal audience with the Chairman of the House of Representatives, which were dated June 3, 2013 and July 4, 2013.

KIARA deplores the attitude of the House of Representatives, as under Article 96 of Law No. 12 Year 2001 on the Establishment Regulation Legislation, it states that the public has a right to provide input in oral and / or written forms in any establishment of legislation. Neglect of the constitution supporting citizen consultation initiatives and input is unlawful.

In addition, KIARA also urges the Chairman of the House of Representatives to not rush the discussion of the plan to change the Law No. 27 Year 2007 on the PWP-KDP draft legislation, in order that mistakes are not repeated and continue to cause impacts to the detriment of the interests of the main stakeholders, namely the traditional fishermen and people living in Indonesia’s coastal and small island areas.

For further information, please contact:

Abdul Halim, Secretary KIARA

at +62 815 53100 259

 

KIARA submits debt termination petition to President that urges support of conservation through local wisdom in the management of marine resources.

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KIARA submits debt termination petition to President that urges support of conservation through local wisdom in the management of marine resources.

Jakarta, 1st August 2013. People’s Coalition for Fisheries Justice (KIARA) handed a joint petition entitled ‘Preserve Marine Resources with Local Wisdom, not Debt/ Foreign Aid’ to the President via the Secretary of State of the Republic of Indonesia on Jl. No veteran. 17-18, Jakarta 10110. The petition was launched for 21 days (11th to 31st July 2013) through social media, and has gained the support of at least 123 organisations/ idividuals.

The Ministry of Finance notes Indonesia debts reached Rp 2,036 trillion as of May 2013. Ironically, most of these debt funds were obtained through the marketing of Indonesia’s marine resources to international financial institutions, including coral reef conservation programs and the expansion of marine protected areas (MPAs).

As already reported by the Centre for Data and Information at KIARA (May 2013):

Firstly, in the period 2004-2011 the Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management (COREMAP II) reached more than Rp1, 3 trillion worth of debt, most of it sourced from external debt sources such as the World Bank and Asian Development Bank (ADB).

Secondly, the U.S. Government provides grant assistance to Indonesia worth USD 23 million or Rp 235.4 Billion. The grant plan is awarded over a four-year period, designed to aid the conservation area (USD 6 million) and to strengthen fisheries industrialisation (USD 17 million).

Ironically, the implementation of coral reef conservation program actually proved unsuccessful and ineffective and leakage of funds has occurred according to a CPC report (CPC Report 2013). In one instance, a misappropriation of funds designated for COREMAP II amountinted to Rp11, 4 billion. This figure is based on CPC Examination Results collected during the period November-December 2012, which identifies the actual use of funds designated for COREMAP II.

In addition, marine conservation practices also have a negative impact on traditional fishing communities. The Centre for Data and Information at KIARA (December 2012) found that at least 20 traditional fishermen have died or been declared lost at sea due to being shot by live ammunition from security forces in marine conservation area since 1980-2012.

It has already been a proven failure, yet the government (read: Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries) wishes to implement project COREMAP III in the period 2014-2019, which would involve appropriating a further debt of U.S. $ 80 million from the World Bank and ADB. Furthermore, the establishment of MPAs is likely to trigger horizontal conflict.

Given the facts mentioned above, KIARA has urged the President to:

1)      Cease to exploit foreign debt schemes in the administration of conservation programs for marine resources

2)      Provide full support to local initiatives that have been run for generations by 92 percent of fisherfolk and indigenous peoples, such as the Sasi in Maluku, Bapongka in Central Sulawesi, Panglima laot in Aceh, Awig-awig in Bali and Nusa Tenggara, and Mane’e in North Sulawesi.

 

For further information, please contact:

Abdul Halim, Secretary General KIARA

at +62 815 53100 259

Food imports flood in, Gita Wiryawan protects U.S. and W.T.O. cartel

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Food imports flood in, Gita Wiryawan protects U.S. and W.T.O. cartel

Jakarta, July 4, 2013. A series of mega scandals and losses throughout the country in the first half of 2013, have not been enough to make the Minister of Trade, Gita Wiryawan , repeal the facilitation of food imports. This indicates he is more afraid of facing a lawsuit against the United States and the WTO, rather than protecting farmers, fishermen, cultivators, and livestock herders of Indonesia, both men and women.

Earlier, in January 2013 the Government of the United States sued the Government of Indonesia with under the WTO’s Dispute Settlement Mechanism because the Minister of Agriculture issued Regulation No. 60 Year 2012 on the recommendation of the Import and Trade of Horticultural Products Regulation No. 60 Year 2012, about the import of horticultural products which are considered overly protective regarding entry of horticultural products. In fact, this restriction on horticulture was issued after Indonesia was invaded by a variety of cheap agricultural commodities, mainly horticultural products like garlic and potatoes from America, Australia, Canada, and China through the full implementation of the Asean-China Free Trade Agreement (ACFTA) which hit small farmers hard and affected the food security of the Indonesian people.

Similarly, the Indonesian government also faced allegations of subsidizing shrimp production from the Coalition of Gulf Shrimp Industries through the U.S. Department of Commerce. The petition titled “Petition for the Imposition of Countervailing Duties on Certain Frozen Freshwater Shrimp from the People’s Republic of China, Ecuador, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam”, dated December 28, 2012, accused the Government of Indonesia of providing a package of subsidies to small scale shrimp businesses in Indonesia, including outrageously accusing the government of providing subsidies to small-scale farmers. In fact, it had become imperative to ensure access to state protection and implement an empowerment program for small-scale producers like farmers, fishermen, gardeners, livestock herders and others, both men and women.

In response to the US law suit, Minister Gita, rather than hold out for the welfare of small farmers, instead revised the terms of the horticultural import restriction through Decree No. 16, 2013, to impose import licensing arrangements in order to facilitate the flow of entry of imported goods, reducing commodity and postal tariffs and quotas. This context is also to be promoted by the Ministry of Trade during the 9th WTO Ministerial Conference (WTO KTM), in Bali, in December.

This is also characterized by the reluctance of RI to support the proposal ofG33 members in negotiating with the WTO. All 46 members of the G33 countries are currently urging the abolition of restrictions on subsidies for food stocks in their countries in order to protect smalldomestic farmers.

But the opposite happened with the Indonesian government in this case, as the Ministry of Commerce said it would try to bridge the polarization of the United States in a meeting with members of the G33 at the 9th WTO Ministerial Conference in Bali. This option reflects the attitude of the Indonesian government, showing that it is not acting in favour of its people.

On this occasion, GERAK LAWAN calls for:

  1. All the Indonesian people, especially farmers, fishermen, and small scale traders, workers, including migrant workers, and women to be engaged actively in order to make corrections to various trade liberalization policies by providing an alternative based on the constitution of RI and resisting the implementation of the policies proposed for the 9th WTO KTM to be held in December 2013 in Bali.
  2. Leadership of the entire House of Representatives and other State Agencies, to urge the government to cancel the implementation of policies proposed by the WTO for the 9th KTM in Bali.
  3. President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and Minister Gita Wiryawan to immediately shut the faucet of imports of food products, including horticulture, meat, and fish as a form of support to Indonesian farmers, fishermen, planters and livestock herders by extending provisions and adding new types of commodity tariffs to Regulation No. 60 Year 2012 on the Import of Horticultural Products.
  4. President Suslio Bambang Yudhoyono and Minister Gita Wiryawan to ensure the stabilization of food prices ahead of Ramadan, and Eid al-Fitr.
  5. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono’s government to carry out agrarian reform and adopt an agro-ecological farming model to support the realization of food sovereignty and environmental sustainability.

People’s Movement against Neo-colonialism and Imperialism (GERAK LAWAN)

Indonesia for Global Justice (IGJ) – Bina Desa – Serikat Petani Indonesia (SPI) – Solidaritas Perempuan (SP) – Aliansi Petani Indonesia (API) – Indonesian Human Right Committee for Social Justice (IHCS) – Komisi untuk Orang Hilang dan Korban Kekerasan (KONTRAS) – Climate Society Forum (CSF) – Koalisi Anti Utang (KAU) – Koalisi Rakyat untuk Keadilan Perikanan (KIARA) – Institut Hijau Indonesia (IHI) – Lingkar Madani untuk Indonesia (LIMA) – Jaringan Advokasi Tambang (JATAM) – Aliansi Jurnalis Independen (AJI Jakarta) – Front Perjuangan Pemuda Indonesia (FPPI) – Lingkar Studi-Aksi untuk Demokrasi Indonesia (LS-ADI) – Serikat Nelayan Indonesia (SNI) – Kesatuan Nelayan Tradisional Indonesia (KNTI) – Serikat Buruh Indonesia (SBI) – Asosiasi Pendamping Perempuan Usaha Kecil (ASPPUK) – Perhimpunan Bantuan Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Indonesia (PBHI) – Universitas Al-Azhar Indonesia (Dosen Hubungan Internasional) – Asosiasi Ekonomi-Politik Indonesia (AEPI) – Koalisi Rakyat untuk Hak Atas Air (KRuHA) – Aliansi Pemuda Pekerja Indonesia (APPI) – Migrant Care

KIARA: President Must Fulfil and Ensure Children’s Rights to Freedom from Dangerous Work

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KIARA: President Must Fulfil and Ensure Children’s Rights to Freedom from Dangerous Work

Jakarta, July 4th, 2013. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the International Labour Organisation (ILO) have urged UN member states to provide maximum protection for children from hazardous work in the small-scale fisheries sector, both fishing and aquaculture.

In Indonesia, there are at least 1.7 million children working in dangerous occupations, including fisheries, mining, quarrying, agriculture, domestic service, and the service industry (BPS, 2011).

FAO and ILO mention 7  dangerous jobs carried out by children in the fisheries sector, namely (1) lifting or carrying heavy loads, (2) exploitation of children for the manufacture and repair of ships, involving work with hazardous materials, (3) the use of heavy equipment and dangerous materials, (3) the fish management process, often involving using a sharp knife or using toxic substances, (4) diving to excessive depths; (5) they are out at sea for hours on end without a life-jacket, (6) performing the curing of fish using unsafe ovens, and (7) the use of chemicals such as pesticides or disinfectants in aquaculture.

The Government of Indonesia has ratified ILO Convention No. 182 concerning the Prohibition of and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour and ILO Convention No. 138 concerning the Minimum Age for Employment. Both conventions are then ratified into Law No. 1 of 2000 endorsing ILO Convention No. 182 concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour and Law No. 20, Year 1999, on the ratification of ILO Convention No. 138 concerning the Minimum Age for Admission to Employment.

Following the development of the above actions, the Government of Indonesia has formulated a National Action Plan through Presidential Decree No. 59 of 2002 to remove the worst forms of child labour, including children who work in offshore fisheries.

KIARA found the fact there are still many children who are forced to become workers in the fisheries sector. An example can be seen in the fishing village of Marunda Kepu, Cilincing District, North Jakarta. Every day, at least 10 children work peeling green mussels for 5 hours and produce 2-3kg of peeled mussels per day. Wages they receive Rp 2,500 per kilogram. Ironically, they use sharp knives and must peel the green mussels when they are still hot following the boiling process.

In 2003, the Indonesian Government issued Law No. 23 of 2003 on Child Protection. The law requires the State to protect children regardless of religion, race / ethnicity, gender, culture, and language and physical/ mental condition.

On the basis of what is stated above, KIARA urges President SBY to:

  1. Execute the mandate of Law Number 23 of 2003 on Protection of Children and periodically check the situation on the ground so that the basic rights children of Indonesia can be met, such as the right to free and quality basic education, and to be free from hazardous work.
  2. Evaluate the performance of the Minister of Marine Areas and Fisheries in addressing the main impacts of children engaging in hazardous work, including poverty due to the development of unfavourable policies, such as reclamation which has displaced traditional fishing areas and fishing residences, as well as limiting access to and control of food source offered by fisheries.
  3. Guarantee social protection for families of fishermen, through measures such as capital to go to sea, healthcare, and other basic rights. ***

For further information, please contact:

Susan Herawati, Planning and Evaluation Coordinator KIARA

at +62 838 76 438 438

Abdul Halim, Secretary KIARA

at +62 815 53100 259